diff --git a/app/platform/routes/auth_routes.py b/app/platform/routes/auth_routes.py
index 2b3a385..a4b1797 100644
--- a/app/platform/routes/auth_routes.py
+++ b/app/platform/routes/auth_routes.py
@@ -46,6 +46,21 @@ class ChangePasswordRequest(BaseModel):
 
 
 def _client_ip(request: Request) -> str:
+    """限流键 IP(spec 2026-10-19 §6): XFF **末段**。
+
+    反代模板 proxy_add_x_forwarded_for 语义 = 客户端自带 XFF 在前、反代把
+    真实来源 $remote_addr 追加在尾——末段不可伪造(单跳拓扑);取首段会被
+    轮换伪造绕过限流(比现状更糟)。将来加 CDN 时末段退化为 CDN IP →
+    键退化为按用户名 = 现状,故障安全。无 XFF/空串/空白回退 client.host。
+
+    与引擎 _server_ip(取首段,"CDN 在前"拓扑假设,数据质量用途)刻意
+    不对称——两者用途与威胁模型不同,不许互相"统一"(spec §6 双向注记)。
+    """
+    xff = request.headers.get("x-forwarded-for", "")
+    if xff.strip():
+        last = xff.split(",")[-1].strip()
+        if last:
+            return last
     return request.client.host if request.client else ""
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_auth.py b/tests/test_auth.py
index 6699a58..0ea6f9b 100644
--- a/tests/test_auth.py
+++ b/tests/test_auth.py
@@ -70,6 +70,55 @@ def test_login_lockout_after_5_fails(app_client):
     assert _login(app_client).status_code == 200
 
 
+class TestClientIpXffLast:
+    """spec 2026-10-19 §6：限流 IP 取 XFF 末段（反代追加语义，不可伪造）。"""
+
+    def test_末段入键_伪造首段轮换不绕过(self, app_client):
+        # 伪造首段轮换 + 固定真末段 → 同键计数，第 5 次失败后第 6 次 429
+        for i in range(5):
+            app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            headers={"X-Forwarded-For": f"6.6.6.{i}, 1.2.3.4"},
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        r = app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            headers={"X-Forwarded-For": "9.9.9.9, 1.2.3.4"},
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        assert r.status_code == 429
+
+    def test_末段不同即独立键_判别用例(self, app_client):
+        # RED 判别用例：现状（无 XFF 解析）所有请求同键（client.host 恒
+        # testclient）→ 也会 429；新行为下 8.8.8.8 是独立键 → 401
+        for i in range(5):
+            app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            headers={"X-Forwarded-For": f"6.6.6.{i}, 1.2.3.4"},
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        r = app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            headers={"X-Forwarded-For": "7.7.7.7, 8.8.8.8"},
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        assert r.status_code == 401  # 独立键：未锁，密码错 → 401（现状此断言为 429 → RED）
+
+    def test_无XFF回退client_host(self, app_client):
+        r = app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        assert r.status_code == 401  # 正常走通（键为 client.host）
+
+    def test_空串XFF回退(self, app_client):
+        r = app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            headers={"X-Forwarded-For": "  "},
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        assert r.status_code == 401  # 空白视同无 XFF，回退 client.host
+
+    def test_单段直连形态(self, app_client):
+        # XFF "1.2.3.4"（无反代追加）→ 末段即唯一段，入键
+        for _ in range(5):
+            app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            headers={"X-Forwarded-For": "1.2.3.4"},
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        r = app_client.post(LOGIN,
+                            headers={"X-Forwarded-For": "1.2.3.4"},
+                            json={"username": "admin", "password": "wrong"})
+        assert r.status_code == 429
+
+
 # ---- token 生命周期 ------------------------------------------------------------